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Description
I came across this anomaly both on a multiplayer server and my own single player worlds when I was cutting down trees.
Leaves I broke manually were fine, but ones that decayed and vanished on their own naturally remain in the LODs and can be seen when further away.
Here's a screenshot where the leaves in my world were decaying (most already decayed; some were broken by me):
Here's what can be seen when I move further back away from where the tree was:
A few other angles for clarity:
Restarting the game and/or relogging into the world does not fix this.