diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 80e9cef14d..72bcff1f29 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## Unreleased
+
+### Fixes
+
+- Allow multiple UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegrations to be active at the same time ([#4462](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-java/pull/4462))
+
 ## 8.13.2
 
 ### Fixes
diff --git a/sentry/src/main/java/io/sentry/UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration.java b/sentry/src/main/java/io/sentry/UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration.java
index 1cf4c151b0..dd3bc8e86b 100644
--- a/sentry/src/main/java/io/sentry/UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration.java
+++ b/sentry/src/main/java/io/sentry/UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration.java
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 import io.sentry.hints.TransactionEnd;
 import io.sentry.protocol.Mechanism;
 import io.sentry.protocol.SentryId;
+import io.sentry.util.AutoClosableReentrantLock;
 import io.sentry.util.HintUtils;
 import io.sentry.util.Objects;
 import java.io.Closeable;
@@ -28,6 +29,8 @@ public final class UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration
   /** Reference to the pre-existing uncaught exception handler. */
   private @Nullable Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler defaultExceptionHandler;
 
+  private static final @NotNull AutoClosableReentrantLock lock = new AutoClosableReentrantLock();
+
   private @Nullable IScopes scopes;
   private @Nullable SentryOptions options;
 
@@ -65,27 +68,33 @@ public final void register(final @NotNull IScopes scopes, final @NotNull SentryO
             this.options.isEnableUncaughtExceptionHandler());
 
     if (this.options.isEnableUncaughtExceptionHandler()) {
-      final Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler currentHandler =
-          threadAdapter.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
-      if (currentHandler != null) {
-        this.options
-            .getLogger()
-            .log(
-                SentryLevel.DEBUG,
-                "default UncaughtExceptionHandler class='"
-                    + currentHandler.getClass().getName()
-                    + "'");
-
-        if (currentHandler instanceof UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration) {
-          final UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration currentHandlerIntegration =
-              (UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration) currentHandler;
-          defaultExceptionHandler = currentHandlerIntegration.defaultExceptionHandler;
-        } else {
-          defaultExceptionHandler = currentHandler;
+      try (final @NotNull ISentryLifecycleToken ignored = lock.acquire()) {
+        final Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler currentHandler =
+            threadAdapter.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
+        if (currentHandler != null) {
+          this.options
+              .getLogger()
+              .log(
+                  SentryLevel.DEBUG,
+                  "default UncaughtExceptionHandler class='"
+                      + currentHandler.getClass().getName()
+                      + "'");
+          if (currentHandler instanceof UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration) {
+            final UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration currentHandlerIntegration =
+                (UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration) currentHandler;
+            if (currentHandlerIntegration.scopes != null
+                && scopes.getGlobalScope() == currentHandlerIntegration.scopes.getGlobalScope()) {
+              defaultExceptionHandler = currentHandlerIntegration.defaultExceptionHandler;
+            } else {
+              defaultExceptionHandler = currentHandler;
+            }
+          } else {
+            defaultExceptionHandler = currentHandler;
+          }
         }
-      }
 
-      threadAdapter.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
+        threadAdapter.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
+      }
 
       this.options
           .getLogger()
@@ -159,11 +168,36 @@ static Throwable getUnhandledThrowable(
 
   @Override
   public void close() {
-    if (this == threadAdapter.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler()) {
-      threadAdapter.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(defaultExceptionHandler);
+    try (final @NotNull ISentryLifecycleToken ignored = lock.acquire()) {
+      if (this == threadAdapter.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler()) {
+        threadAdapter.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(defaultExceptionHandler);
+
+        if (options != null) {
+          options
+              .getLogger()
+              .log(SentryLevel.DEBUG, "UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration removed.");
+        }
+      } else {
+        removeFromHandlerTree(threadAdapter.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler());
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
-      if (options != null) {
-        options.getLogger().log(SentryLevel.DEBUG, "UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration removed.");
+  private void removeFromHandlerTree(@Nullable Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler currentHandler) {
+    if (currentHandler instanceof UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration) {
+      final UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration currentHandlerIntegration =
+          (UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration) currentHandler;
+      if (this == currentHandlerIntegration.defaultExceptionHandler) {
+        currentHandlerIntegration.defaultExceptionHandler = defaultExceptionHandler;
+
+        if (options != null) {
+          options
+              .getLogger()
+              .log(SentryLevel.DEBUG, "UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration removed.");
+        }
+
+      } else {
+        removeFromHandlerTree(currentHandlerIntegration.defaultExceptionHandler);
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/sentry/src/test/java/io/sentry/UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegrationTest.kt b/sentry/src/test/java/io/sentry/UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegrationTest.kt
index 409d3b971b..2bff144824 100644
--- a/sentry/src/test/java/io/sentry/UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegrationTest.kt
+++ b/sentry/src/test/java/io/sentry/UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegrationTest.kt
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ import org.mockito.kotlin.whenever
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream
 import java.io.PrintStream
 import java.nio.file.Files
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors
 import kotlin.concurrent.thread
 import kotlin.test.Test
 import kotlin.test.assertEquals
@@ -313,7 +315,7 @@ class UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegrationTest {
         val integration2 = UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration(handler)
         integration2.register(fixture.scopes, fixture.options)
 
-        assertEquals(currentDefaultHandler, integration2)
+        assertEquals(integration2, currentDefaultHandler)
         integration2.close()
 
         assertEquals(null, currentDefaultHandler)
@@ -344,4 +346,125 @@ class UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegrationTest {
 
         assertEquals(initialUncaughtExceptionHandler, currentDefaultHandler)
     }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `multiple registrations with different global scopes allowed`() {
+        val scopes2 = mock<IScopes>()
+        val initialUncaughtExceptionHandler = Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler { _, _ -> }
+
+        var currentDefaultHandler: Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler? = initialUncaughtExceptionHandler
+
+        val handler = mock<UncaughtExceptionHandler>()
+        whenever(handler.defaultUncaughtExceptionHandler).thenAnswer { currentDefaultHandler }
+
+        whenever(handler.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(anyOrNull<Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler>())).then {
+            currentDefaultHandler = it.getArgument(0)
+            null
+        }
+
+        whenever(scopes2.globalScope).thenReturn(mock<IScope>())
+
+        val integration1 = UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration(handler)
+        integration1.register(fixture.scopes, fixture.options)
+
+        val integration2 = UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration(handler)
+        integration2.register(scopes2, fixture.options)
+
+        assertEquals(currentDefaultHandler, integration2)
+        integration2.close()
+
+        assertEquals(integration1, currentDefaultHandler)
+        integration1.close()
+
+        assertEquals(initialUncaughtExceptionHandler, currentDefaultHandler)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `multiple registrations with different global scopes allowed, closed out of order`() {
+        fixture.getSut()
+        val scopes2 = mock<IScopes>()
+        val initialUncaughtExceptionHandler = Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler { _, _ -> }
+
+        var currentDefaultHandler: Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler? = initialUncaughtExceptionHandler
+
+        val handler = mock<UncaughtExceptionHandler>()
+        whenever(handler.defaultUncaughtExceptionHandler).thenAnswer { currentDefaultHandler }
+
+        whenever(handler.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(anyOrNull<Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler>())).then {
+            currentDefaultHandler = it.getArgument(0)
+            null
+        }
+
+        whenever(scopes2.globalScope).thenReturn(mock<IScope>())
+
+        val integration1 = UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration(handler)
+        integration1.register(fixture.scopes, fixture.options)
+
+        val integration2 = UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration(handler)
+        integration2.register(scopes2, fixture.options)
+
+        assertEquals(currentDefaultHandler, integration2)
+        integration1.close()
+
+        assertEquals(integration2, currentDefaultHandler)
+        integration2.close()
+
+        assertEquals(initialUncaughtExceptionHandler, currentDefaultHandler)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun `multiple registrations async, closed async, one remains`() {
+        val executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4)
+        fixture.getSut()
+        val scopes2 = mock<IScopes>()
+        val scopes3 = mock<IScopes>()
+        val scopes4 = mock<IScopes>()
+        val scopes5 = mock<IScopes>()
+
+        val scopesList = listOf(fixture.scopes, scopes2, scopes3, scopes4, scopes5)
+
+        val initialUncaughtExceptionHandler = Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler { _, _ -> }
+
+        var currentDefaultHandler: Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler? = initialUncaughtExceptionHandler
+
+        val handler = mock<UncaughtExceptionHandler>()
+        whenever(handler.defaultUncaughtExceptionHandler).thenAnswer { currentDefaultHandler }
+
+        whenever(handler.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(anyOrNull<Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler>())).then {
+            currentDefaultHandler = it.getArgument(0)
+            null
+        }
+
+        whenever(scopes2.globalScope).thenReturn(mock<IScope>())
+        whenever(scopes3.globalScope).thenReturn(mock<IScope>())
+        whenever(scopes4.globalScope).thenReturn(mock<IScope>())
+        whenever(scopes5.globalScope).thenReturn(mock<IScope>())
+
+        val integrations = scopesList.map { scope ->
+            CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(
+                {
+                    UncaughtExceptionHandlerIntegration(handler).apply {
+                        register(scope, fixture.options)
+                    }
+                },
+                executor
+            )
+        }
+
+        CompletableFuture.allOf(*integrations.toTypedArray()).get()
+
+        val futures = integrations.minus(integrations[2]).reversed().map { integration ->
+            CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(
+                {
+                    integration.get().close()
+                    println(Thread.currentThread().name)
+                },
+                executor
+            )
+        }
+
+        CompletableFuture.allOf(*futures.toTypedArray()).get()
+
+        assertEquals(integrations[2].get(), currentDefaultHandler)
+    }
 }