diff --git a/deps/ncrypto/ncrypto.cc b/deps/ncrypto/ncrypto.cc
index 741c3510e199ac..6946480701a26e 100644
--- a/deps/ncrypto/ncrypto.cc
+++ b/deps/ncrypto/ncrypto.cc
@@ -11,6 +11,22 @@
 #include <cstring>
 #if OPENSSL_VERSION_MAJOR >= 3
 #include <openssl/provider.h>
+#endif
+#if OPENSSL_WITH_PQC
+struct PQCMapping {
+  const char* name;
+  int nid;
+};
+
+constexpr static PQCMapping pqc_mappings[] = {
+    {"ML-DSA-44", EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_44},
+    {"ML-DSA-65", EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_65},
+    {"ML-DSA-87", EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_87},
+    {"ML-KEM-512", EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_512},
+    {"ML-KEM-768", EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_768},
+    {"ML-KEM-1024", EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_1024},
+};
+
 #endif
 
 // EVP_PKEY_CTX_set_dsa_paramgen_q_bits was added in OpenSSL 1.1.1e.
@@ -1969,11 +1985,21 @@ int EVPKeyPointer::id(const EVP_PKEY* key) {
   if (key == nullptr) return 0;
   int type = EVP_PKEY_id(key);
 #if OPENSSL_WITH_PQC
+  // EVP_PKEY_id returns -1 when EVP_PKEY_* is only implemented in a provider
+  // which is the case for all post-quantum NIST algorithms
+  // one suggested way would be to use a chain of `EVP_PKEY_is_a`
   // https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues/27738#issuecomment-3013215870
+  // or, this way there are less calls to the OpenSSL provider, just
+  // getting the name once
   if (type == -1) {
-    if (EVP_PKEY_is_a(key, "ML-DSA-44")) return EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_44;
-    if (EVP_PKEY_is_a(key, "ML-DSA-65")) return EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_65;
-    if (EVP_PKEY_is_a(key, "ML-DSA-87")) return EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_87;
+    const char* type_name = EVP_PKEY_get0_type_name(key);
+    if (type_name == nullptr) return -1;
+
+    for (const auto& mapping : pqc_mappings) {
+      if (strcmp(type_name, mapping.name) == 0) {
+        return mapping.nid;
+      }
+    }
   }
 #endif
   return type;
diff --git a/deps/ncrypto/ncrypto.h b/deps/ncrypto/ncrypto.h
index f8f634111759fe..3278d5612eb11b 100644
--- a/deps/ncrypto/ncrypto.h
+++ b/deps/ncrypto/ncrypto.h
@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@
 // Define OPENSSL_WITH_PQC for post-quantum cryptography support
 #if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x30500000L
 #define OPENSSL_WITH_PQC 1
+#define EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_512 NID_ML_KEM_512
+#define EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_768 NID_ML_KEM_768
+#define EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_1024 NID_ML_KEM_1024
 #include <openssl/core_names.h>
 #endif
 
diff --git a/doc/api/crypto.md b/doc/api/crypto.md
index 9333db6941abfe..51e3282fce6afb 100644
--- a/doc/api/crypto.md
+++ b/doc/api/crypto.md
@@ -2024,6 +2024,9 @@ Other key details might be exposed via this API using additional attributes.
 <!-- YAML
 added: v11.6.0
 changes:
+  - version: REPLACEME
+    pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/59461
+    description: Add support for ML-KEM keys.
   - version: v24.6.0
     pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/59259
     description: Add support for ML-DSA keys.
@@ -2064,6 +2067,9 @@ types are:
 * `'ml-dsa-44'`[^openssl35] (OID 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.3.17)
 * `'ml-dsa-65'`[^openssl35] (OID 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.3.18)
 * `'ml-dsa-87'`[^openssl35] (OID 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.3.19)
+* `'ml-kem-512'`[^openssl35] (OID 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.4.1)
+* `'ml-kem-768'`[^openssl35] (OID 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.4.2)
+* `'ml-kem-1024'`[^openssl35] (OID 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.4.3)
 
 This property is `undefined` for unrecognized `KeyObject` types and symmetric
 keys.
@@ -3663,6 +3669,9 @@ underlying hash function. See [`crypto.createHmac()`][] for more information.
 <!-- YAML
 added: v10.12.0
 changes:
+  - version: REPLACEME
+    pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/59461
+    description: Add support for ML-KEM key pairs.
   - version: v24.6.0
     pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/59259
     description: Add support for ML-DSA key pairs.
@@ -3786,6 +3795,9 @@ a `Promise` for an `Object` with `publicKey` and `privateKey` properties.
 <!-- YAML
 added: v10.12.0
 changes:
+  - version: REPLACEME
+    pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/59461
+    description: Add support for ML-KEM key pairs.
   - version: v24.6.0
     pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/59259
     description: Add support for ML-DSA key pairs.
diff --git a/lib/internal/crypto/keygen.js b/lib/internal/crypto/keygen.js
index 71b7ee8ce1ffb5..7e11dd9d98b98a 100644
--- a/lib/internal/crypto/keygen.js
+++ b/lib/internal/crypto/keygen.js
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ const {
   EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_44,
   EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_65,
   EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_87,
+  EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_1024,
+  EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_512,
+  EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_768,
   EVP_PKEY_X25519,
   EVP_PKEY_X448,
   OPENSSL_EC_NAMED_CURVE,
@@ -173,6 +176,9 @@ const ids = {
   'ml-dsa-44': EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_44,
   'ml-dsa-65': EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_65,
   'ml-dsa-87': EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_87,
+  'ml-kem-512': EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_512,
+  'ml-kem-768': EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_768,
+  'ml-kem-1024': EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_1024,
 };
 
 function createJob(mode, type, options) {
@@ -294,6 +300,9 @@ function createJob(mode, type, options) {
     case 'ml-dsa-44':
     case 'ml-dsa-65':
     case 'ml-dsa-87':
+    case 'ml-kem-512':
+    case 'ml-kem-768':
+    case 'ml-kem-1024':
     {
       if (ids[type] === undefined) {
         throw new ERR_INVALID_ARG_VALUE('type', type, 'must be a supported key type');
diff --git a/src/crypto/crypto_keys.cc b/src/crypto/crypto_keys.cc
index 91044a94dc6259..6f319eddefd570 100644
--- a/src/crypto/crypto_keys.cc
+++ b/src/crypto/crypto_keys.cc
@@ -978,6 +978,12 @@ Local<Value> KeyObjectHandle::GetAsymmetricKeyType() const {
       return env()->crypto_ml_dsa_65_string();
     case EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_87:
       return env()->crypto_ml_dsa_87_string();
+    case EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_512:
+      return env()->crypto_ml_kem_512_string();
+    case EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_768:
+      return env()->crypto_ml_kem_768_string();
+    case EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_1024:
+      return env()->crypto_ml_kem_1024_string();
 #endif
     default:
       return Undefined(env()->isolate());
@@ -1258,6 +1264,9 @@ void Initialize(Environment* env, Local<Object> target) {
   NODE_DEFINE_CONSTANT(target, EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_44);
   NODE_DEFINE_CONSTANT(target, EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_65);
   NODE_DEFINE_CONSTANT(target, EVP_PKEY_ML_DSA_87);
+  NODE_DEFINE_CONSTANT(target, EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_512);
+  NODE_DEFINE_CONSTANT(target, EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_768);
+  NODE_DEFINE_CONSTANT(target, EVP_PKEY_ML_KEM_1024);
 #endif
   NODE_DEFINE_CONSTANT(target, EVP_PKEY_X25519);
   NODE_DEFINE_CONSTANT(target, EVP_PKEY_X448);
diff --git a/src/env_properties.h b/src/env_properties.h
index edc013aec2d07f..3687027c8ae939 100644
--- a/src/env_properties.h
+++ b/src/env_properties.h
@@ -118,6 +118,9 @@
   V(crypto_ml_dsa_44_string, "ml-dsa-44")                                      \
   V(crypto_ml_dsa_65_string, "ml-dsa-65")                                      \
   V(crypto_ml_dsa_87_string, "ml-dsa-87")                                      \
+  V(crypto_ml_kem_512_string, "ml-kem-512")                                    \
+  V(crypto_ml_kem_768_string, "ml-kem-768")                                    \
+  V(crypto_ml_kem_1024_string, "ml-kem-1024")                                  \
   V(crypto_x25519_string, "x25519")                                            \
   V(crypto_x448_string, "x448")                                                \
   V(crypto_rsa_string, "rsa")                                                  \
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/Makefile b/test/fixtures/keys/Makefile
index 7ab71970483183..e0d488e56a1533 100644
--- a/test/fixtures/keys/Makefile
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/Makefile
@@ -110,6 +110,18 @@ all: \
   ml_dsa_87_private_seed_only.pem \
   ml_dsa_87_private_priv_only.pem \
   ml_dsa_87_public.pem \
+  ml_kem_512_private.pem \
+  ml_kem_512_private_seed_only.pem \
+  ml_kem_512_private_priv_only.pem \
+  ml_kem_512_public.pem \
+  ml_kem_768_private.pem \
+  ml_kem_768_private_seed_only.pem \
+  ml_kem_768_private_priv_only.pem \
+  ml_kem_768_public.pem \
+  ml_kem_1024_private.pem \
+  ml_kem_1024_private_seed_only.pem \
+  ml_kem_1024_private_priv_only.pem \
+  ml_kem_1024_public.pem \
 
 #
 # Create Certificate Authority: ca1
@@ -903,6 +915,42 @@ ml_dsa_87_private_priv_only.pem: ml_dsa_87_private.pem
 ml_dsa_87_public.pem: ml_dsa_87_private.pem
 	openssl pkey -in ml_dsa_87_private.pem -pubout -out ml_dsa_87_public.pem
 
+ml_kem_512_private.pem:
+	openssl genpkey -algorithm ml-kem-512 -out ml_kem_512_private.pem
+
+ml_kem_512_private_seed_only.pem: ml_kem_512_private.pem
+	openssl pkey -in ml_kem_512_private.pem -provparam ml-kem.output_formats=seed-only -out ml_kem_512_private_seed_only.pem
+
+ml_kem_512_private_priv_only.pem: ml_kem_512_private.pem
+	openssl pkey -in ml_kem_512_private.pem -provparam ml-kem.output_formats=priv-only -out ml_kem_512_private_priv_only.pem
+
+ml_kem_512_public.pem: ml_kem_512_private.pem
+	openssl pkey -in ml_kem_512_private.pem -pubout -out ml_kem_512_public.pem
+
+ml_kem_768_private.pem:
+	openssl genpkey -algorithm ml-kem-768 -out ml_kem_768_private.pem
+
+ml_kem_768_private_seed_only.pem: ml_kem_768_private.pem
+	openssl pkey -in ml_kem_768_private.pem -provparam ml-kem.output_formats=seed-only -out ml_kem_768_private_seed_only.pem
+
+ml_kem_768_private_priv_only.pem: ml_kem_768_private.pem
+	openssl pkey -in ml_kem_768_private.pem -provparam ml-kem.output_formats=priv-only -out ml_kem_768_private_priv_only.pem
+
+ml_kem_768_public.pem: ml_kem_768_private.pem
+	openssl pkey -in ml_kem_768_private.pem -pubout -out ml_kem_768_public.pem
+
+ml_kem_1024_private.pem:
+	openssl genpkey -algorithm ml-kem-1024 -out ml_kem_1024_private.pem
+
+ml_kem_1024_private_seed_only.pem: ml_kem_1024_private.pem
+	openssl pkey -in ml_kem_1024_private.pem -provparam ml-kem.output_formats=seed-only -out ml_kem_1024_private_seed_only.pem
+
+ml_kem_1024_private_priv_only.pem: ml_kem_1024_private.pem
+	openssl pkey -in ml_kem_1024_private.pem -provparam ml-kem.output_formats=priv-only -out ml_kem_1024_private_priv_only.pem
+
+ml_kem_1024_public.pem: ml_kem_1024_private.pem
+	openssl pkey -in ml_kem_1024_private.pem -pubout -out ml_kem_1024_public.pem
+
 x448_private.pem:
 	openssl genpkey -algorithm x448 -out x448_private.pem
 
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_private.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_private.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..0daacd8379d0c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_private.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
+MIIMvgIBADALBglghkgBZQMEBAMEggyqMIIMpgRAXwegslUGcMnzu1c1NccsyRmB
+aObWSESIGO+ftccj5MvAwjLDAJV/u5KhD/rnJLoLOu0eNGt4p3Oh6Mg5ttxICwSC
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+SRaz5Yy9vAEvenyYSUdnO41kKynkSkTMioOyCS28scJrkhU3kKs9TMkL1WcxhisN
+cgEXjI4ua0XFCbFB0XxFQlzQ7LVooIDRtyGSK4siJbfm00x3rAMUly2kugwbEiU2
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+9kSBP9gy0nz+Aak/tD5v+9XiwMIywwCVf7uSoQ/65yS6CzrtHjRreKdzoejIObbc
+SAs=
+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_private_priv_only.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_private_priv_only.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..5e8bdf80d9c213
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_private_priv_only.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_private_seed_only.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_private_seed_only.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..8192b81556633b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_private_seed_only.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_public.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_public.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..a659eac9c370f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_1024_public.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
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+-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_private.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_private.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..13cd20b2bd12f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_private.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+jmg=
+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_private_priv_only.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_private_priv_only.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..85de2f88d18ca2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_private_priv_only.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_private_seed_only.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_private_seed_only.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..c7fb5d3da22ba2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_private_seed_only.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_public.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_public.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..2924fbdb4d6927
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_512_public.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
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+d3lKtKWu
+-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_private.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_private.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..fcc74fa87c8082
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_private.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_private_priv_only.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_private_priv_only.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..01b8ec19baaedf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_private_priv_only.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_private_seed_only.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_private_seed_only.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..120bf57589626d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_private_seed_only.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
+MFQCAQAwCwYJYIZIAWUDBAQCBEKAQJE38nuuXNtBM+E9aw7+WLAv5C3sXzcTUB0W
+aIQCz9zoYY44sBaAbB4NPh0SyFjtzceTsBobFE6D431tDliFN+A=
+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_public.pem b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_public.pem
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..78d81897bb4e85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fixtures/keys/ml_kem_768_public.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
+MIIEsjALBglghkgBZQMEBAIDggShAM/VP4GYGoswjpq6iE4SMI0aryZTvFKBSlay
+d4TkPlJ6vYzChzCcMbBswyzgMrvmlW0LSeLJYZ/CrV1HxdepZ9ncRdnLyQ5VB0K6
+yyi4qTCgMeSiYfGDMDISc1MKEckhxorQopIEQzEKMyfki5omXeFGOln2kS9kR2DZ
+EVsUvSO4iHoFtyxXP6/lKj97nsOnXF0FymDozINbvTWIPwyzun+rwfNEJ8SSPYjH
+sypokB2kqJFhbk7GM8x0HG7CIOmKAhr0kEJ0oc4USSXYVBcaE2ZsWQAWhidcltBJ
+ezfwVqiwZQFTxmychirzkOD6LNIxjO/RrP1DmyX0cpExSuk4vXxgE51UvfJSbvX5
+GwmBmU7Hm6rxRA+hnvkHDLuTU7RohrA8g2OoqjbEta6nwPpCfkmqFg7qHAFBapER
+xtZ1ZhGRuMRWZwI5bDtnbog7w+wqxOgjX1UWmqcmYfEGz15lXuREB9IxGTjXOiO2
+zni2s50qwnLctcaBdrQooMTkDG68ZZ0mp62YIrAabK8VVqYkA9zlw8OHvZ41oIhC
+YYT3BSaVmEtVtErlKFSZFE+skfqbpPxDavdgnul1hYq1cB8lphgmovmnJdfykoRS
+QvwHLh1UC1gAiRsciFUsEBKTE4dQfLI0esFWnwiSpNHkzbqkMAoHfZu1CivsutVM
+aTfUa8X3wZypXIaTCZGqIpiMVIRBKU9Ti4dmaNECHmMFp+dicQzoexZRj2eDfGsb
+BG81SgMTLoh1sR/mSU2lmVM4yvlZlvlpjHSQnwmhetw8Bi02HVogYdyGKikRMetb
+CU/BdwrJJy/5jCy5R59mey9Zc7X1bTl3JKGEeZsDdcm8J5K8Sf6Tqr/BoG5RFNRk
+JwYxxgXWhPLBrKhZg5/6z0pqi9i6Zr/3uNS0I+xsW/FzTLQKg6DjNAgReClHD5o5
+vl42UgyThVcaHOzXGFpFosm5lvUUk4FQHc2JHqewgIoajA/0dHohqnoVgtWUwef5
+pCYbLW1soye0LOm3Zc6sv4VnXmXkMvbBsZzchf5YpNqnxgCky8ElYScwZ49qZ4AS
+omFJqvDMZdj4N8Y1V+98rOdYF193xEtSwlrlxlbcfXW5Z2EgNizgmaqmcGV1jzVg
+pBL0mEMsBzPkcDdnWp+Be79Tud23A9oixjsVzvfpu2zAe7ccKQUXUuWiw/VSY2Ap
+p8pnFxjkF/bUnbLXXV+6OVHwesa2XlyoPhTMmLZwMzPHidr2Z9fiGMlqIpa8z8X7
+Qn9rlVPcNgS2ZiwnR7z0T7SJxSfEvNNigwbyYSa1AJh4KCPbqK40sDm6A6Y6yADa
+aIv7eyKaIktUQJKHw8E8cv8HF7dpAUNWh0qAYbpGiI2WQgcIZRNxPq3Gi6bVH8Bp
+IN11C3C7sYNxfhkjWFlQH37kEvqFJyK2Tpgqwk98ZOLSM8uEF9j5Q6bqGI5grCUE
+OqOoH5k2DWc3yGfoRKMcHxXhsgzWWY/qcoG6WjomNrdXchNCOjzKd5lCrBzJGl6Z
+WKGBu7C8tUb4wCEhZJl8gus5goeZN0IQe2H8oAPqs9Gd3FGyH3s3CXWn4GqjMkfL
+UrBsiiTt
+-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-crypto-pqc-key-objects-ml-kem.js b/test/parallel/test-crypto-pqc-key-objects-ml-kem.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..293c0c87265eea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-crypto-pqc-key-objects-ml-kem.js
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const common = require('../common');
+if (!common.hasCrypto)
+  common.skip('missing crypto');
+
+const { hasOpenSSL } = require('../common/crypto');
+
+const assert = require('assert');
+const {
+  createPublicKey,
+  createPrivateKey,
+} = require('crypto');
+
+const fixtures = require('../common/fixtures');
+
+function getKeyFileName(type, suffix) {
+  return `${type.replaceAll('-', '_')}_${suffix}.pem`;
+}
+
+for (const asymmetricKeyType of ['ml-kem-512', 'ml-kem-768', 'ml-kem-1024']) {
+  const keys = {
+    public: fixtures.readKey(getKeyFileName(asymmetricKeyType, 'public'), 'ascii'),
+    private: fixtures.readKey(getKeyFileName(asymmetricKeyType, 'private'), 'ascii'),
+    private_seed_only: fixtures.readKey(getKeyFileName(asymmetricKeyType, 'private_seed_only'), 'ascii'),
+    private_priv_only: fixtures.readKey(getKeyFileName(asymmetricKeyType, 'private_priv_only'), 'ascii'),
+  };
+
+  function assertKey(key) {
+    assert.deepStrictEqual(key.asymmetricKeyDetails, {});
+    assert.strictEqual(key.asymmetricKeyType, asymmetricKeyType);
+    assert.strictEqual(key.equals(key), true);
+    assert.deepStrictEqual(key, key);
+  }
+
+  function assertPublicKey(key) {
+    assertKey(key);
+    assert.strictEqual(key.type, 'public');
+    assert.strictEqual(key.export({ format: 'pem', type: 'spki' }), keys.public);
+    key.export({ format: 'der', type: 'spki' });
+    assert.throws(() => key.export({ format: 'jwk' }),
+                  { code: 'ERR_CRYPTO_JWK_UNSUPPORTED_KEY_TYPE', message: 'Unsupported JWK Key Type.' });
+  }
+
+  function assertPrivateKey(key, hasSeed) {
+    assertKey(key);
+    assert.strictEqual(key.type, 'private');
+    assertPublicKey(createPublicKey(key));
+    key.export({ format: 'der', type: 'pkcs8' });
+    if (hasSeed) {
+      assert.strictEqual(key.export({ format: 'pem', type: 'pkcs8' }), keys.private);
+    } else {
+      assert.strictEqual(key.export({ format: 'pem', type: 'pkcs8' }), keys.private_priv_only);
+    }
+    assert.throws(() => key.export({ format: 'jwk' }),
+                  { code: 'ERR_CRYPTO_JWK_UNSUPPORTED_KEY_TYPE', message: 'Unsupported JWK Key Type.' });
+  }
+
+  if (!hasOpenSSL(3, 5)) {
+    assert.throws(() => createPublicKey(keys.public), {
+      code: hasOpenSSL(3) ? 'ERR_OSSL_EVP_DECODE_ERROR' : 'ERR_OSSL_EVP_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM',
+    });
+
+    for (const pem of [keys.private, keys.private_seed_only, keys.private_priv_only]) {
+      assert.throws(() => createPrivateKey(pem), {
+        code: hasOpenSSL(3) ? 'ERR_OSSL_UNSUPPORTED' : 'ERR_OSSL_EVP_UNSUPPORTED_ALGORITHM',
+      });
+    }
+  } else {
+    const publicKey = createPublicKey(keys.public);
+    assertPublicKey(publicKey);
+
+    {
+      for (const [pem, hasSeed] of [
+        [keys.private, true],
+        [keys.private_seed_only, true],
+        [keys.private_priv_only, false],
+      ]) {
+        const pubFromPriv = createPublicKey(pem);
+        assertPublicKey(pubFromPriv);
+        assertPrivateKey(createPrivateKey(pem), hasSeed);
+        assert.strictEqual(pubFromPriv.equals(publicKey), true);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-crypto-pqc-keygen-ml-kem.js b/test/parallel/test-crypto-pqc-keygen-ml-kem.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..fbbbc4f8de9663
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-crypto-pqc-keygen-ml-kem.js
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const common = require('../common');
+if (!common.hasCrypto)
+  common.skip('missing crypto');
+
+const { hasOpenSSL } = require('../common/crypto');
+
+const assert = require('assert');
+const {
+  generateKeyPair,
+} = require('crypto');
+
+if (!hasOpenSSL(3, 5)) {
+  for (const asymmetricKeyType of ['ml-kem-512', 'ml-kem-768', 'ml-kem-1024']) {
+    assert.throws(() => generateKeyPair(asymmetricKeyType, common.mustNotCall()), {
+      code: 'ERR_INVALID_ARG_VALUE',
+      message: /The argument 'type' must be a supported key type/
+    });
+  }
+} else {
+  for (const asymmetricKeyType of ['ml-kem-512', 'ml-kem-768', 'ml-kem-1024']) {
+    for (const [publicKeyEncoding, validate] of [
+      [undefined, (publicKey) => {
+        assert.strictEqual(publicKey.type, 'public');
+        assert.strictEqual(publicKey.asymmetricKeyType, asymmetricKeyType);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(publicKey.asymmetricKeyDetails, {});
+      }],
+      [{ format: 'pem', type: 'spki' }, (publicKey) => assert.strictEqual(typeof publicKey, 'string')],
+      [{ format: 'der', type: 'spki' }, (publicKey) => assert.strictEqual(Buffer.isBuffer(publicKey), true)],
+    ]) {
+      generateKeyPair(asymmetricKeyType, { publicKeyEncoding }, common.mustSucceed(validate));
+    }
+    for (const [privateKeyEncoding, validate] of [
+      [undefined, (_, privateKey) => {
+        assert.strictEqual(privateKey.type, 'private');
+        assert.strictEqual(privateKey.asymmetricKeyType, asymmetricKeyType);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(privateKey.asymmetricKeyDetails, {});
+      }],
+      [{ format: 'pem', type: 'pkcs8' }, (_, privateKey) => assert.strictEqual(typeof privateKey, 'string')],
+      [{ format: 'der', type: 'pkcs8' }, (_, privateKey) => assert.strictEqual(Buffer.isBuffer(privateKey), true)],
+    ]) {
+      generateKeyPair(asymmetricKeyType, { privateKeyEncoding }, common.mustSucceed(validate));
+    }
+  }
+}