Implementing The B92 Quantum Key Distribution Protocol

[sribhavan47]

PR Description

This PR adds a full implementation of the B92 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol to the classiq-library, complementing the existing BB84 protocol.

Key additions:

• New B92 QKD circuit and supporting functions
• Example notebook or script demonstrating B92 usage
• metadata.json for discoverability and consistency

Highlights:

• Uses single-qubit states |0⟩ and |+⟩ for encoding, per B92 specifications.
• Includes measurement and basis selection logic for Bob.
• Demonstrates key sifting and potential error checking.

Related Issue

Closes #1026

Checklist

• Implemented core B92 protocol logic.
• Added metadata.json.
• Provided example usage.
• Added basic documentation and comments.
• Verified integration with the library.

Please @NadavClassiq review and let me know if any improvements or tests are recommended!

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[sribhavan47]

hi @NadavClassiq, I have addressed all the reviews you have suggested, please do review it. Please let me know if any further changes or clarifications are needed, happy to make adjustments!

[NadavClassiq]

Hi @sribhavan47,
Please see mt additional comment regarding producing a valid key.
Also, follow the error message to resolve the Lint failure.