[go_router] Fix broken links in readme

[LukasMirbt]

Fixes broken links in the Triage section of the readme.

Pre-Review Checklist

• I read the Contributor Guide and followed the process outlined there for submitting PRs.
• I read the Tree Hygiene page, which explains my responsibilities.
• I read and followed the relevant style guides and ran the auto-formatter.
• I signed the CLA.
• The title of the PR starts with the name of the package surrounded by square brackets, e.g. [shared_preferences]
• I updated pubspec.yaml with an appropriate new version according to the pub versioning philosophy, or I have commented below to indicate which version change exemption this PR falls under¹.
• I updated CHANGELOG.md to add a description of the change, following repository CHANGELOG style, or I have commented below to indicate which CHANGELOG exemption this PR falls under¹.
• I updated/added any relevant documentation (doc comments with ///).
• All existing and new tests are passing.

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[gemini-code-assist]

Code Review

This pull request updates the version of go_router, adds a corresponding changelog entry, and fixes several links in the README.md file. The changes correctly update the issue tracker links to use the new p: go_router label. However, the link for package pull requests has been modified to exclude go_router_builder, which might be an oversight. My review includes a suggestion to re-include it to ensure the link is comprehensive.

[chunhtai]

LGTM