Implement dev mode basics (#3644)

build.sbt

@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ lazy val zioHttpTestkit = (project in file("zio-http-testkit"))
     testFrameworks += new TestFramework("zio.test.sbt.ZTestFramework"),
     libraryDependencies ++= netty ++ Seq(
       `zio`,
-      `zio-test`,
+      "dev.zio" %% "zio-test" % ZioVersion,
       `zio-test-sbt`,
     ),
   )

docs/concepts/dev-mode.md

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+# Dev / Preprod / Prod Modes
+
+ZIO HTTP provides a simple built-in notion of application "mode" so you can adapt behavior (e.g. enable extra diagnostics in development, stricter settings in production, other routes, different error handling) without wiring your own config keys everywhere.
+
+The available modes are:
+
+- `Mode.Dev` (default if nothing is configured)
+- `Mode.Preprod` (a staging / pre‑production environment)
+- `Mode.Prod` (production)
+
+## Reading the Current Mode
+
+Use any of the following helpers:
+
+```scala
+import zio.http.Mode
+
+// Full value
+def m: Mode = Mode.current
+
+// Convenience booleans
+val isDev     = Mode.isDev
+val isPreprod = Mode.isPreprod
+val isProd    = Mode.isProd
+```
+
+## Configuring the Mode
+
+The mode is determined in this precedence order:
+
+1. JVM System Property: `-Dzio.http.mode=<dev|preprod|prod>`
+2. Environment Variable: `ZIO_HTTP_MODE=<dev|preprod|prod>`
+3. Fallback: `dev`
+
+Examples:
+
+```bash
+# Using a JVM system property
+sbt "run -Dzio.http.mode=preprod"
+
+# Using an environment variable (takes effect if the system property is NOT set)
+ZIO_HTTP_MODE=prod sbt run
+```
+
+Unknown values cause a warning on stderr and the mode falls back to `dev`:
+
+## Typical Use Cases
+
+You can branch on the mode to enable / disable features:
+
+```scala
+import zio._
+import zio.http._
+
+val extraRoutes: Routes[Any, Nothing] =
+  if (Mode.isDev) SwaggerUI.routes("docs", OpenAPIGen.empty)
+  else Routes.empty
+
+val baseRoutes: Routes[Any, Nothing] = Routes(
+  Method.GET / "health" -> handler(Response.ok)
+)
+
+val appRoutes = baseRoutes ++ extraRoutes
+```
+
+Or adapt server config:
+
+```scala
+val serverConfig =
+  if (Mode.isProd) Server.Config.default
+    .leakDetection(false)
+    .requestDecompression(true)
+  else Server.Config.default
+    .leakDetection(true)           // extra visibility in dev
+    .maxThreads(4)                 // keep lighter in local dev
+```
+
+## Testing Modes
+
+Inside tests you generally want to *temporarily* switch the mode to verify conditional behavior. The testkit provides aspects in `zio.http.HttpTestAspect`:
+
+- `HttpTestAspect.devMode`
+- `HttpTestAspect.preprodMode`
+- `HttpTestAspect.prodMode`
+
+Each aspect sets the mode for the duration of the test, restoring the previous mode afterward. This allows you to write tests that depend on specific modes without affecting other tests.
+
+Example:
+
+```scala
+import zio.test._
+import zio.http._
+
+object ModeExamplesSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
+  def spec = suite("ModeExamplesSpec")(
+    test("enables preprod logic") {
+      assertTrue(Mode.current == Mode.Preprod)
+    } @@ HttpTestAspect.preprodMode,
+
+    test("enables prod logic") {
+      assertTrue(Mode.isProd)
+    } @@ HttpTestAspect.prodMode,
+  ) @@ TestAspect.sequential // IMPORTANT, see below
+}
+```
+
+### Why `TestAspect.sequential`?
+
+The mode is stored per JVM. When you apply different mode aspects to multiple tests in the **same suite**, running them in parallel could cause races (e.g. one test reads prod while another just switched to preprod). Adding `@@ TestAspect.sequential` ensures the suite’s tests execute one after another so each mode override is isolated.
+
+If every test suite uses only one mode (or you wrap all tests in a single aspect at the suite level), sequential execution is not strictly necessary. It is required only when multiple tests in the same suite each apply different mode aspects.
+
+## Quick Reference
+
+| Task | How |
+|------|-----|
+| Read current mode | `Mode.current` |
+| Check if dev | `Mode.isDev` |
+| Run in preprod | `-Dzio.http.mode=preprod` or `ZIO_HTTP_MODE=preprod` |
+| Override in a test | `test("...") { ... } @@ HttpTestAspect.prodMode` |
+| Avoid race conditions | Apply `@@ TestAspect.sequential` to suite when multiple mode aspects are used |
+
+## When *Not* to Use Mode
+
+For complex environment-dependent configuration (database URLs, secrets, feature flags) prefer a dedicated configuration service (e.g. `zio-config`).

website/sidebars.js

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ const sidebars = {
       type: "category",
       collapsed: false,
       label: "Concepts",
-      items: ["concepts/routing", "concepts/middleware", "concepts/endpoint"],
+      items: ["concepts/routing", "concepts/middleware", "concepts/endpoint", "concepts/dev-mode"],
     },
   ],
 

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala-2.13/zio/http/benchmarks/EndpointBenchmark.scala

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ import sttp.tapir.{Endpoint => TEndpoint, endpoint => tendpoint, path => tpath,
 // [info] EndpointBenchmark.benchmarkSmallDataZioCollect   thrpt    2   701.566          ops/s
 
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class EndpointBenchmark {
 //  implicit val actorSystem: ActorSystem     = ActorSystem("api-benchmark-actor-system")

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/benchmark/FormToQueryBenchmark.scala

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import zio.http._
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class FormToQueryBenchmark {
 

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/benchmark/MethodLookupBenchmark.scala

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import zio.http.endpoint.Endpoint
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class MethodLookupBenchmark {
 

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/benchmark/RoundtripBenchmark.scala

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import zio.http._
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class RoundtripBenchmark {
 

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/benchmark/RoutesBenchmark.scala

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import zio.http.{Handler, Method, Request, Routes}
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class RoutesBenchmark {
 

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/CachedDateHeaderBenchmark.scala

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import zio.http.internal.DateEncoding
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(Scope.Benchmark)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.AverageTime))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.AverageTime))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
 @Threads(16)
 @Fork(1)

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/ClientBenchmark.scala

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @nowarn
 @State(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope.Benchmark)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 @Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 3)
 @Measurement(iterations = 3, time = 3)

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/CookieDecodeBenchmark.scala

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import zio.http.{Cookie, Path}
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class CookieDecodeBenchmark {
   val random = new scala.util.Random()

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/HttpCollectEval.scala

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import zio.http._
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class HttpCollectEval {
   private val MAX  = 10000

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/HttpCombineEval.scala

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import zio.http._
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class HttpCombineEval {
   private val req  = Request.get("/foo")

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/HttpNestedFlatMapEval.scala

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import zio.http._
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class HttpNestedFlatMapEval {
 

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/HttpRouteTextPerf.scala

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ import zio._
 
 import zio.http._
 
-import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.{Scope => JScope, _}
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.{Mode, Scope => JScope, _}
 
 @State(JScope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class HttpRouteTextPerf {
 

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/ProbeContentTypeBenchmark.scala

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import zio.http.MediaType
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class ProbeContentTypeBenchmark {
 

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/SchemeDecodeBenchmark.scala

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import zio.http.Scheme
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class SchemeDecodeBenchmark {
   private val MAX = 1000000

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/ServerInboundHandlerBenchmark.scala

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 import sttp.client3.{HttpURLConnectionBackend, UriContext, basicRequest}
 
 @State(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class ServerInboundHandlerBenchmark {
   private val random      = scala.util.Random

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zhttp.benchmarks/UtilBenchmark.scala

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.http.DefaultHttpHeaders
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.AverageTime))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.AverageTime))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
 @Fork(1)
 @Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 3)

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zio/http/DateEncodingBenchmark.scala

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import io.netty.handler.codec.DateFormatter
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class DateEncodingBenchmark {
 

zio-http-benchmarks/src/main/scala/zio/http/QueryEncodingBenchmark.scala

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import zio.http.netty.NettyQueryParamEncoding
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations._
 
 @State(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope.Thread)
-@BenchmarkMode(Array(Mode.Throughput))
+@BenchmarkMode(Array(org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode.Throughput))
 @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 class QueryEncodingBenchmark {
 

zio-http-testkit/src/main/scala/zio/http/HttpTestAspect.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package zio.http
+
+import zio._
+import zio.test._
+
+object HttpTestAspect {
+
+  private def withMode(mode: Mode): TestAspectAtLeastR[Scope] =
+    TestAspect.aroundWith(
+      ZIO.succeed {
+        val previous = Mode.current
+        java.lang.System.setProperty("zio.http.mode", mode.toString)
+        previous
+      },
+    )((restorePrevious: Mode) => ZIO.succeed(java.lang.System.setProperty("zio.http.mode", restorePrevious.toString)))
+
+  val devMode: TestAspectAtLeastR[Scope] =
+    withMode(Mode.Dev)
+
+  val prodMode: TestAspectAtLeastR[Scope] =
+    withMode(Mode.Prod)
+
+  val preprodMode: TestAspectAtLeastR[Scope] =
+    withMode(Mode.Preprod)
+
+}

zio-http-testkit/src/test/scala/zio/http/HttpTestAspectSpec.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package zio.http
+
+import zio.test._
+
+object HttpTestAspectSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
+  def spec = suite("HttpTestAspectSpec")(
+    test("Preprod is enabled vai test aspect") {
+      assertTrue(Mode.current == Mode.Preprod)
+    } @@ HttpTestAspect.preprodMode,
+    test("Prod is enabled via test aspect") {
+      assertTrue(Mode.current == Mode.Prod)
+    } @@ HttpTestAspect.prodMode,
+  ) @@ TestAspect.sequential
+}

zio-http/jvm/src/test/scala/zio/http/ModeSpec.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package zio.http
+
+import zio.test._
+
+object ModeSpec extends ZIOSpecDefault {
+  override def spec = suite("ModeSpec")(
+    test("Mode should be Test") {
+      assertTrue(Mode.Dev.isActive)
+    },
+  )
+}